Sunday, April 4, 2010

'What real change, if men still kill their daughters?'

There's nothing about Chandrapati to suggest she was capable of fighting the big fight. Widowed 18 years ago, she carried on life in her husband's home in Karora village, Haryana. She was the dutiful mother of two daughters, a son who worked as a mechanic (Manoj) and another who is at school. But when Manoj was murdered by the family of his bride, Babli, Chandrapati found a strength within herself she didn't know she had. The indomitable mother, who is in her late 50s, tells Nandita Sengupta about her fight for justice, which saw a court conviction for the first time ever in an honour-killing case. Excerpts:

You're at peace now? Has justice been done?

The courts listened to this mother. They heard me out. I had full faith in the judicial system and it brought me justice. But the fight is not over. There were policemen hand-in-glove with the murderers. The police protection that Manoj and Babli had, disappeared on the night of the murder. Those policemen must be held accountable. They were part of the plot. In fact, Gangaraj, who's got life, is the khap pradhan and the main instigator, he too should be hanged.

You've lived in this village all your married life?

Yes, married at 15 and came here. Five years I lived in Kanpur with my fauji (soldier) husband who was posted there. The rest of my life's been in this village, taking care of my family.

You're part of the system that says intercaste marriage is wrong. What made you take a different stand when it came to your son?

I've never believed in forcing marriages. My daughters can marry whosoever they want. So it was with Manoj too. Babli was a good girl. It's not as if I knew about their plans. Manoj called only after they married. I have heard there have been many such murders in this village, although I believe killing a couple was a first. I may be illiterate but my children go to school. We discuss. I know what's right. And you have to change with the times.

The couple was murdered in June 2007; ever since, you've lived with police protection. Your life has changed, hasn't it?

Yes, naturally. First, there was the village boycott. Everyone watches us, nobody comes, nobody speaks to us. We have no relatives in this village either. There was a time when it was difficult to get rations and milk even. The hostility was tremendous. We can't step out of home without the police. I had to run from pillar to post simply to file the FIR.

Even after I filed a case against the murderers, the panchayat came to bargain. They wanted to pay us off and offered Rs 1 crore. They said they'd sell land if required. Then they said, "You have daughters, we'll do things to them". So the pressure was always there. It's been three years of living in fear. They can do anything, any time. We face it. We live through it. There is no choice. And it's not over or anything. I will see this through to the Supreme Court, if it reaches that point.

What help did you get?

None. Who will help? No one even talks to us. The media helped, highlighting Manoj-Babli's disappearance and the murder. Three years ago, they built up pressure after which police filed my complaint. For their part, activists supported us by visiting us.

Where did you get the moral courage to fight back?

What does a mother, whose son has been murdered, do? You have to be brave. After the couple disappeared from the village, Babli's family filed a case against me, accusing me of kidnapping. Under pressure from the panchayat, the police came every day to interrogate me. I searched for the two in Karnal and in Kaithal. Then after a month, Manoj called to say they would be coming to Kaithal for Babli to file a statement that she married of her own free will.

That would've quashed the case against me. But when they came to do that, they were brutally murdered. It was so wrong. What could I have done? Cried my heart out? Mourned forever? How would that help? What would happen to my other children? Had I not fought, it would have worsened and they'd have chased us out of the village. My children, my daughters and a nephew, were with me. A stand had to be taken. The murderers had to be brought to book.

Do you pray and if so, what do you say in your prayers?

Oh, where would I be without my "maaiya rani devi ma"? Morning and evening, I worship her, my Durga ma, Kali ma. There's Shivaji and Hanumanji in my mandir too. I prayed for shakti (strength). Every day I would say, "Hey
meri maaiyan rani devi ma, inko faasi duaawe de aur hume insaaf ki dua de." (Mother, let them be hanged and let there be justice.)

You realize what an important conviction this is, the first in an honour killing. Will it change mindsets in your village?

Those who want to fight should now know they can. In these parts, there are many families such as ours, victims of honour killings. But it's each to his own. And what does change matter to me? I am fighting but my son died only because the girl's male relatives could kill their own sister. Families allow themselves to be instigated. As long as men can kill their own daughters, what change will there be?


 

Courtesy: Times of India

Tuesday, February 23, 2010

‘I thought she would live forever’: A love story

TS Nagarajan, the photo-journalist legendary for creating sheer poetic collage of photos is the classic representation of the true blue Mysorean. He has put together a private book 'A Pearl of Water on a Lotus Leaf and Other Memories,' for his friends and his family. One pearl of a chapter of this beautifully produced and soulfully written is about his soulmate of fifty years, Meenakshi. This soul-stirring narrative was first published in churumuri.com. Now for the piece-de-resistance:

"I do not know where to begin but I do know where it ended.

So many years together, so many memories. Losing her has changed my life.

Going back now to an empty house in Bangalore is difficult. There is no one to greet you. The house with its silence seems to grieve with you.

Somehow, this place doesn't seem to fit me since Meenakshi died; but I really have to live here.

I love this place. It is my home.

Our house in Bangalore meant everything to both of us. We spent 20 of the full 50 years of our married life in this home. The house grew with us and acquired all its colours and glory. We developed a beautiful garden. Meenakshi was its brain. I was only the brawn.

Instead of a compound, we preferred a line of crotons as a green wall in front. Today, as I water them every evening, the plants remind me of the green fingers that nurtured them as they grew from little saplings to tall, robust and colourful sentinels. Meenakshi was a great gardener. She had magic in her hands. Whatever she touched flourished.

Life rolled on at an enjoyable pace for ten years. As all good things come to an end, we found it difficult to manage the garden. After much deliberation, we came to the painful decision to close the garden and pave the space around the house with grey granite.

I put in an ad in the paper announcing the sale of the garden. A few days later, an old gentleman arrived with a carrier van to buy the garden. After the deal, Meenakshi urged me to take some photographs of the garden and vanished from the scene.

She found it too difficult to witness the departure of her loved ones. The garden vanished in a jiffy.

As one grows older, passing through the realities of life, dreams die. But I still keep intact my memories of sharing an exciting life with someone special.

Meenakshi is dead.

How am I to tell you?

One does not fix appointments with fate.

There is a rigid lump in my throat. I am learning to hold on and come to terms with the reality that she is no more. Old age demands dignity. I manage a stoic face with a deliberate smile. Cross-sections of my life with her spring involuntarily from my memory. I have enough of them to ruminate upon.

***

Madurai to Delhi was a huge change for Menakshi. A few weeks after our wedding in the temple-town, she travelled by air for the first time and landed in the capital to a noisy welcome from my friends.

They were stunned by her beauty.


She looked like one of those chiselled figurines in the Madurai temple, her skin shining like ebony in the midday sun and eyes those of angels. She appeared as though she had descended from heaven just to taunt the blue-blooded beauties of Delhi.

Delhi's weather was an entirely new experience for her. In summer, she loved the cooling rain that followed the dust storms, and wondered why in Delhi no one carried umbrellas while walking in the summer sun. She loved the exhilarating aroma from the wet khus curtains.

"Phatphatis", Delhi's famous motorcycle rickshaws, thrilled her. She had never seen a Sikh. She was puzzled most by the sight of a Sardarji drying his hair in the winter sun. Khushwant Singh was the first Sikh she saw and spoke with. He was also the first to plant a soft kiss on her cheek.

In course of time, she fell in love with Delhi, its people and their manners and customs. It was in Delhi that our two daughters, Kalyani and Vasanti, grew up and were married. We spent 30 long years in the Capital. They were indeed the sunshine years of our life.

***

Moving from Delhi to Bangalore was like going back home. A welcome change. We loved the city's salubrious weather and the slow pace of life.

Riding on a Vespa scooter, we discovered Bangalore together.

Not knowing Kannada was a big handicap for Meenakshi. But she learnt the language by persisting to speak, despite the initial imperfections. In a few years, she was able to speak well, and relate easily with the women in the neighbourhood.

One day, I heard her speak in Kannada to a gathering of women in the temple behind our home. It was a meeting to form a women's committee. She was elected its first secretary.

Our scootering adventures became less frequent after sometime. We then turned to walking. Most friends in the area got used to seeing us always together. If, for some reason, Meenakshi stayed back, I had to explain her absence to the friends I met on the way. To avoid this, I made it a point to cancel my walks on the days she didn't go.

One evening, barely a few minutes after we had left home for a walk, I found Meenakshi lagging behind, unable to keep pace with me. This was unusual. I asked her what was the matter. She said that she was feeling exhausted and wanted to return home.

As we turned back, I found her collapsing on the road, a small by-lane in the area, and sweating profusely. I was shocked to see her lying on the road, unable to talk. I sensed something serious. A passer-by helped me lift her and take her home in an auto-rickshaw.

I managed to put her on the bed. Her pulse was terribly low. I gave her a glass of sugared water, thinking she might have had low blood sugar. She was diabetic. It might also be a heart attack, I thought. I put in a tablet of Sorbitrate (nitroglycerine, very helpful in such situations) under her tongue.

I had saved a strip of this drug for an emergency. Soon after the first aid, I phoned my grandson Duglu and told him that his grandma was sinking and urged him to rush home with his parents. They arrived quickly accompanied by a hospital ambulance.

She was given emergency treatment in the intensive care unit of the hospital. Her condition stabilised by late in the night. She was declared out of danger the next day. A coronary angioplasty was done. The doctors found an advanced block in one of the arteries. She was given a stent. She remained in the hospital for a few days and returned home, bright and beautiful.

The entire family heaved a sigh of relief. After a few weeks of rest and recuperation, Meenakshi resumed her normal routine. She got up well before sunrise, helped herself to a cup of coffee, got the breakfast ready (invariably an oatmeal), finished the day's cooking and sat down in the favourite rattan chair in her room with the prayer book in hand. This was her meditation time. I made it a point not to disturb her.

It was also the time when some women, who swept the road every morning, her best friends, would drop in for their daily bible-babble. She wouldn't mind their intrusion. She would make coffee for them. (A whole group of them came home to see me and condole her death. This was her speciality. She would relate with everyone on equal terms.)

***

Within months after she arrived in Delhi after the wedding, we attended a reception to the President of Ghana at Hyderabad House. It was hosted by Prime Minister Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru. Meenakshi saw Jawaharlal Nehru escorting his guest into the hall and whispered to me that she wanted to meet Nehru.

I told her that I didn't know the Prime Minister personally. Barely I had finished saying this, she rushed through the gathering towards where Nehru was talking with some people. The next moment, I saw her talking with the Prime Minister.

Cameras clicked.

The picture became a hit in the family back home in Madurai.

Another interesting incident involving Nirad C. Chaudhuri, the famous Indian writer, comes to my mind. We had met him a few times at Khushwant Singh's place. When Khushwant Singh became editor of the Illustrated Weekly of India, he wanted me to do some interesting pictures of Nirad Babu to illustrate a series of articles by him for the magazine.

Accompanied by Meenakshi, I went to the writer's home. Nirad Babu had become a familiar figure walking the lanes and quadrangles of the Mori Gate area of old Delhi; a thin, short, spry man in dhoti and kurta. He would usually don Bengali clothes at home. His suits and the hats were reserved for his walks. He was proud of everything British. He loved showing off his collection of a variety of items, especially those made in England, to his visitors.

As he talked with us, he opened the shoe rack and pulled out a pair of shining Oxford shoes and began explaining its special features. When he brought the shoes somewhat close to Meenakshi, urging her to see them, she boxed her nose and politely pushed the shoes back telling him "Nirad Babu, thus far and no further, please."

Nirad didn't mind her comment. He had a hearty laugh with us, and continued singing in praise of the English shoes. Fame or position of people just didn't bother her. She was frank. She was candid. She was brave. She had nothing to conceal. She was true to herself.

***

I found a big change in her in the years after her heart attack. She became very spiritual and often talked about God. She joined a group of women, all her friends, and started attending prayer meetings every Saturday morning. She stopped going out for walks because of pain in the knees.

She spent minimum time in the kitchen and would retire to her room when once the morning chores were over. Her interest in TV serials waned.

In the evenings, when I was busy with my computer in my room, she preferred to lie down on the couch in the drawing room waiting for me to come and sit next to her. This is the time we listened to classical music. Half past eight was dinner time. Thereafter, we would retire for the day.

Meenakshi was deeply interested in music and loved listening to her favourite singers. She was close to the diva M.S. Subbulakshmi. They became good friends when we spent three days in MS' home in Madras documenting her life in pictures.

MS made it a point to meet Meenakshi whenever she came to Delhi or Bangalore. They would discuss not music but cooking.

We generally stayed at home and talked a good deal on various subjects. We listened to each other with steadfast attention. Often we discussed serious subjects like life, death and even God. We also indulged in a bit of gossip about the goings-on in the neighbourhood.

We derived a vicarious delight in giving nicknames to people. For example, we named a vegetable seller, who came every morning announcing his wares at a high musical pitch, "Bhimsen", after the music maestro Pandit Bhimsen Joshi. Meenakshi felt that Bhimsen was indeed blessed with a great voice; if he had only taken to music, he would have been a celebrity.

The woman, who swept the road, Lakshmi was called "R.L.", Road Lakshmi. After she left, she was replaced by another Lakshmi. The new Lakshmi was called "N.R.L.", New Road Lakshmi.

We found delight even in seemingly simple things in life. This is what perhaps made our life an enjoyable journey.

***

Each remembrance brings heartache in the darkness of my grief at this hour. All the high adventures of our life together come back to my mind.

Our biggest adventure was a visit to the Durga temple (also called monkey temple) in Banaras. I was shooting the monkeys, accepted denizens of the temple, in interesting situations.

As I was peeping into my camera, I heard some grunting sounds from behind. I turned back, and to my utter horror, I found a bunch of monkeys attacking Meenakshi. One was pulling her saree, another was scratching her feet and a third was on her head and monkeying with her plait of hair.

She was in agony.

I didn't know what to do except clicking the camera. Fortunately, one of the priests saw what was happening and deliberately dropped a large metal container on the floor. The loud sound unnerved the monkeys and they bolted away from the scene leaving her unharmed, but in total disarray. We breathed again.

She was with me always as I travelled in the country and abroad with my camera. She had learnt a good deal of photography and even picture appreciation. I never finalised a single photographic print I made in the darkroom without her examining it in daylight and approving it. She had an excellent picture sense. She was also an expert in displaying pictures on the wall for an exhibition.

Meenakshi was, in fact, the real photographer behind my camera.

Had it not been for her enthusiastic participation with me on my decade-long project of photographing century-old homes of India, I don't think I would have achieved even a part of what I did. We travelled all over the country by air, train, bus and even bullock carts looking for old homes.

Most homes welcomed us and gave us all the freedom. The invariable presence of Meenakshi with me made my job simpler.

I never did anything without her approval.

I always read out to her whatever I wrote.

She would come up with comments which often helped improve what I had written. We had an intellectual side to our relationship. It had its convergences as well as its differences but differences did not imply either disagreement or confrontation.

She was very house proud; always doing things here and there till everything looked spic and span. She was a great cook too. Within months after our wedding, she made an earnest effort to learn the well-known Mysore dishes, especially "Bisibelebath" in preparing which she became an expert.

She had a zest for life and loved people coming home. Even though she was just a matriculate from a convent in Madurai, she spoke impeccable English and could carry on a conversation with anybody without any inhibition. She was a voracious reader.

Once the writer R.K. Narayan, a close friend of ours, came to our Delhi home. He was very fond of Meenakshi.

Dinner over, we sat for a chat. At one stage, Meenakshi asked him about his experiments with talking to the spirits, especially that of his wife. Narayan, normally very quiet about the subject, didn't mind the straight question and asked her "Meenakshi, do you really want to know? I have never talked about it to anyone."

Then he explained to us briefly all that had happened to him after his wife died, barely a few years after the marriage. "I have done it. Talking to spirits. But, there is no need for you to know about it now." he said closing the subject, and asked for the khas-khas payasam, a delicious dessert, which Meenakshi had made for the dinner.

"This is my crème de minthe. I want a second helping" he said. The name crème de minthe rang a bell in Meenakshi's mind. "In any case, Hercule Poirot wouldn't have liked my payasam," she said referring to one of Agatha Christie's most famous and long-lived characters, whose favourite drink was the popular mint-flavoured liqueur. She loved reading detective fiction. Agatha Christe was her favourite author.

***

On 20 August 2008, we completed fifty years of married life in great style. Kalyani and Pramod came to Bangalore to celebrate the event with Vasanti and Ravi. The grandchildren missed the event. Duglu was away in the US and Manasvinee was busy with her examination.

Both of us were showered with innumerable gifts. Meenakshi wanted only polycot saris, her favourites. By now she had outlived her fascination for Kancheepuram silks.

We spent a full day in the city enjoying an unusual lunch sitting in what looked like a railway coach in one of the big malls in Bangalore. We went to a Punjabi restaurant for dinner. The lift was not working and Meenakshi found it almost impossible to climb up the stairs.

For the first time, I sensed that all was not well with her.

Suddenly things began to change. She started taking my arm to cross a road, grabbing my hand like a child, and eventually, when sitting close, letting me hold hers in my own. Her fingers had become thin, lean and skinny. They would have been elegant if they hadn't served years of domestic drudgery. She did housework until it became impossible.

She became weak and found it very tiresome to work in the kitchen. I arranged with a caterer for meals to be delivered at home. She spoke less and preferred lying on the bed for most part of the day. She stopped reading the newspaper.

Most of my queries got a 'yes' or 'no' for an answer. She became totally disinterested in everything and kept saying repeatedly "I feel exhausted. I want to retire." Initially, I found all this very strange. I did not realise that something inside her was changing.

It was Diwali night.

There was no celebration at home.

Meenakshi was in her room.

It was dinner time.

I laid the table and called her. There was no response.

I went in and found her asleep, very unusual at that time.

She got up, walked with difficulty towards the kitchen, felt exhausted, came out and sat in front of me at the table. She mumbled something to me which did not make sense. She had mild fever and appeared very ill. I helped her back to her room, gave her a glass of milk to drink and made her lie down. She went back to sleep.

I could not foresee what was happening, so suddenly. She was fine in the morning and answered all the telephone calls from friends wishing us well for Diwali. I felt I may have to shift her to a hospital in case of an emergency in the night. I called Ravi, my son-in-law, and wanted him to be with me in the night. He arrived. We spent an anxious Diwali night amidst the sound of crackers.

Next morning at the hospital, the x-ray of the chest showed a patch in her lung. The doctors felt that it was pneumonia. She responded well to antibiotics. The fever subsided and she recovered well within a week and discharged.

We returned home. All was well for a few days.

But later the fever returned and refused to respond to a further dose of antibiotics. What was more worrying was that she developed some neurological disorders. Her memory started failing. She was confused at times, and to my utter horror, one morning she mistook the day for night and asked the maid who had arrived why she had come for work in the night.

I found it impossible to manage her alone and called Kalyani to come from Chennai. She arrived the following day and found that all was not well with her mother. We decided to shift her to Chennai for proper diagnosis and specialised treatment.

At Malar Hospital, cardiologist Dr V.K. Menon examined her, and said that her heart was fine. But after he looked at her chest x-ray done at Bangalore, he felt that it may not be pneumonia. He wanted us to meet the pulmonologist, Dr. Lakshmi Varadarajulu with a CT scan of the chest.

Next morning, we met Dr. Lakshmi with the scan. She looked at it and said that it was lung cancer, in an advanced stage. Our hearts broke. She wanted us to meet Dr Sankar Srinivasan, medical oncologist, at the Apollo Specialities, for a confirmation of her diagnosis.

December 2, 2008. We were with the oncologist. Meenakshi was not with us. She was at home eagerly waiting to know the final diagnosis of her condition.

Dr. Sankar Srinivasan appeared a very unassuming person. He put the scanned picture on the light box, looked at it briefly, and asked me "Has anyone explained this to you?" I said "no". He then pointed towards what looked like a lump at the top of the right lung and said that it was a cancerous tumour in an advanced stage.

In his opinion, not much could be achieved by resorting to any aggressive treatment like chemotherapy. He gave us a prognosis of only a few weeks.

We were also against any aggressive intervention but wanted to know, if done, whether it would help at all. "May prolong life by a week or two but that would be hard on the patient." the doctor said. What was his advice? He wouldn't recommend any aggressive treatment. Even a biopsy was not required since we did not opt for chemotherapy.

He wanted us to keep her at home amidst the family and look after well. "I can't save her but I can see she goes without much pain and suffering" he said.

My daughter Vasanti asked him how many weeks he would give her mother. "Two or three weeks. I'm not God", answered the doctor.

As I listened to the doctor, tears rolled down my cheeks.

Dr. Srinivasan looked at me and handed over a paper napkin to me. None of us said anything more and got up to leave. The doctor wrote down his personal cell phone number on his card and gave it to us adding that we could call him for consultation whatever be the time, day or night. He appeared a very special person.

***

As we drove back home, I kept thinking whether or not to tell Meenakshi that she had lung cancer and that she had barely a few weeks to live. It would be utterly wrong to lie and keep the diagnosis a secret. I was sure she had the ability to cope with the information. She was brave.

We were used to facing life and its problems boldly; but now it was different, we had to face death, not life.

Returning home, I went straight to her room. She asked me anxiously "What did the doctor say? I hope it is not TB". I replied that it was not and would tell her everything soon after finishing lunch. I saw a ray of hope in her eyes. At the lunch table, it was an ominous silence. No one spoke.

Kalyani gave her mother something to eat and came out of her room. I went in and closed the door after me.

This was perhaps the saddest moment in my life—to tell my wife that she is going to die in a few weeks.

I sat next to her on the bed, held her hand, and tried to find the right words. We looked deeply into each other's eyes. She appeared as though she was going through moments of exceptional intensity. She knew something terrible was coming.

I told her that our wondrous life together would end soon for ever and quickly reported exactly what the doctor had said.

I couldn't hold back my tears.

She did, and received the news with an innocent smile.

She said "Do you remember that I used say I would go first?"

I nodded my head and broke down.

She remained unruffled and appeared to be in full control of herself and her emotions.

Meenakshi then told me that she wanted to mention to me a few things as her last wish. What she told me, among other things, that no religious rituals to be performed after her death and her eyes should be donated to an eye bank, didn't surprise me at all. I promised her that I would do everything as per her wishes.

Then, after a moment's pause, she asked for a notebook and a pen. I gave her both wondering what was it that she wanted to put in writing. I helped her sit up and lean against a pile of pillows. She wrote, with some difficulty, all that she had told me, one by one, and signed at the bottom.

"Why do you have to write this? You don't trust me?" I asked her.

"I trust you fully but others won't", she replied.

She then wanted me to call the family into the room. Everyone sat around her. She then gave the note to her grandson Duglu and asked him to read it aloud. He did it with tear-filled eyes. The contents of the note and her equanimity at a time she was facing death took everyone by surprise.

She joined us in the evening in the verandah for a chat. She didn't talk much but managed to keep a faint smile on her face, perhaps just to assure us that she was not devastated by the news. Manasvinee, the granddaughter, asked her if she wanted some ice cream.

She nodded her head and said "I'm being looked after like a queen".

In the following week, we got two medical nurses to look after her day and night. She found it difficult to get out of bed and often complained of pain which disturbed her sleep. The doctor put her on a course of steroids which helped only for a day or two.

Again the nights became very uncomfortable. The doctor then put her on morphine tablets which gave her some comfort. She slept for long hours and, when awake, she talked with relatives and friends who came in to see her. She spoke very little and just listened to them with that smile on her lips.

Later, as days passed, her condition worsened. She ate very little and opted for fluids. Her memory began to fail. She found it difficult to identify people. Later she found it impossible to take any kind of food. Her breathing became hard and loud. She was given oxygen for brief periods.

A few days later even the oxygen didn't help and she started moaning in pain. It became impossible to even swallow fluids and the morphine tablets. The doctor advised us to resort to morphine patches which comforted her and perhaps made her go into a semi-conscious condition.

***

December 21, 2008. Sunday. Manasvinee and I were with her. The nursing sister had just given Meenakshi a sponge wash. She was resting with pillows at her back.

Suddenly, I found her breathing become slower and louder.

The nurse alerted me, and gestured to me to give her Ganga water.

I gave her a spoonful which she swallowed. Then she opened her eyes wide, looked at me. Suddenly the breathing stopped. She was gone.

Her passing was peaceful. I shall never forget that noble head lying on the pillow: the face showed no suffering; she looked, as ever, gorgeous and beautiful. She was cremated on the following day.

I felt that I should return Meenakshi to her home town Madurai. We got married there. Her home stood on the bank of the river Vaigai. I therefore went to Madurai, accompanied by the entire family, and immersed her ashes in the Vaigai.

Life without her is a mirage. I feel like being pushed off a cliff. Her sudden death has stunned me. I know "leaves have their time to fall and stars to set", but she made me believe that she would live for ever. I realise that there is no sun without a shadow and all of us are, in fact, terminal cases.

I am now experiencing an emotional territory I had never explored – a landscape of grief, loss and longing."

Thursday, February 18, 2010

So you think your home is your castle?

An Aligarh Muslim University professor, on the verge of retirement, was suspended after some students set up cameras to catch him having consensual sex with a rickshaw-puller in his campus home, and sent the video film to university authorities. Dr Shrinivas Ramchandra Siras, reader and chairman of Modern Indian Languages at AMU, now says he won't challenge his suspension and would voluntarily leave.

Siras's decision not to question his suspension has come as a relief to AMU authorities, who are more than keen to bury the ``embarrassing episode'' as it could raise a serious issue of gay rights on the campus since the professor wasn't accused of any wrongdoing or criminal action. Consensual sex with a same-sex partner isn't a crime in itself.

``Siras was captured on camera having sex with a rickshaw-puller. It's a scandal that no institution of repute can overlook. Therefore he was placed under suspension on February 9 by the order of the VC, Prof P K Abdul Azis,'' said AMU public relations officer Rahat Abrar.

``Dr Siras lived in a house allotted to him in the medical colony on the AMU campus. On February 8, he was home in the company of a young rickshaw-puller from Jamalpur area of the town. Since the door was open, two reporters from a local TV channel barged into the house and filmed him and his companion. The video clippings were then sent to AMU authorities who were constrained to proceed against Siras,'' said Abrar.

Siras was served a memo on February 9 by the office of the AMU registrar, Dr V K Abdul Jalil, under rule 403-C of the statute of the university, after a prima facie case of ``gross misconduct'' was made out against him. Other disciplinary proceedings would follow only after framing of charges.

Amid swirling tales of his ``sordid'' sexual preferences, Siras was quietly packing his bags. Talking to TOI over phone, he refused to contest the charges before any enquiry committee. ``Let them say what they want to. I am not going to offer any clarification,'' he said. ``You don't have to abuse back if someone abuses you. I am already on the verge of retirement and, therefore, would rather be gone than to stretch the issue,'' he said. This, the university authorities feel, ``is the only respectable and sensible option under the unfortunate circumstances.''

Times of India Link

Friday, January 29, 2010

Human face of violence

A photographer weeps over his expensive camera damaged in the violence in Bangalore after the death of cine actor Vishnuvardhan.

Hooligans have destroyed this man's perhaps only source of livelihood... We don't know as to with what difficulty he had collected the money to buy his camera... The thought of losing one's livelihood, inability to look after his family and to face his creditors will bring tears to anyone's eyes.

Makes me wonder, those rowdies who destroyed this poor person's camera, couldn't they have started with their own families? Shouldn't they have been first destroying their own homes and shops, before doing to others? Shouldn't they be first beating up their own families, starting with their parents for having raised them like this?

Photo: K. Bhagya Prakash, The Hindu

Tuesday, January 26, 2010

Not a One Way Street

By Maqbool Ahmed Siraj, www.islamicvoice.com

The ban on raising of minarets over mosques in Switzerland consequent to a popular vote has raised a lot of indignation from everywhere. Christians and Jews in that Alpine country have publicly expressed their disgust. European Commission for the Human Rights is all likely to overturn the ban. Reports from France say the French would reject any such proposal that would curtail freedom of Muslims construct a minarets. The British newspapers have condemned or deplored the Swiss attitude and deem it the outcome of all-pervasive phobia being orchestrated by vested interests about Islam's inroads into the Europe.

What is evident is that people in Europe are still guided by the philosophy of human liberalism that inform and inspires the European ethos. Islam's growing visibility in Europe, be it through minarets, Hijab, flowing robes, mosques, is undoubtedly sharpening a threat perception among a section of people. Terms like 'Eurabia' and 'Zimmitude' are gaining currency in a section of media which is out to overplay the popular fears. Europe is finding it difficult to come to terms with Islam and sense of unease is palpable. Questions that the Europeans face have varying dimensions. The dilemmas are getting curiouser and curiouser. If visibility of Islam keeps its spiral upwards, it clashes with the dominant European ethos. If denied the natural growth, European tolerance and human rights come under question. No one seems to have the answer as to how much Islam the Europeans can be currently prepared to see around them.

It is pertinent to note that outcome of the referendum has only found grudging acceptance with the Swiss government. But what we need to ask ourselves is whether non-Muslim minorities in the Islamic countries also find similar support from the powers that be or the civil society. Is it not a fact that building of churches or temples in Muslim countries is a task impossible; that Hindus have to choose between either burying the corpses of their dead or take them out of the country to cremate in their homeland; that a member of the Coptic Christian community (who make six per cent of the Egyptian population) cannot marry a Muslim unless he converts to Islam; that a non-Muslim in Malaysia has to procure consent of his neighbour to keep a dog; that Hindu girls are routinely abducted in Pakistan's Sind province and forcibly married to Muslim men; that 59 per cent Turks surveyed in a recent poll said non-Muslims 'should not' or 'absolutely should not' hold open meetings where they can discuss their ideas.

Mercifully, Muslims in nation-states in the West had had the advantage of a democratic set-up and have developed religious and cultural institutions commensurate with the demands of their faith. They are well integrated into those societies and doing well for themselves. In fact, some of these minorities have enjoyed more civil liberties than their counterparts in the so-called Muslim nation-states. Occasionally, issues such as headscarves, growing of beard while serving in armed forces, or Ramazan rigmarole, or sacrilege of religious figures do crop in. They are also subjected to racial profiling, discrimination and hostility from extreme nationalist forces. But overall liberal humanism that guides these states provides the necessary legal and constitutional framework for the resolution of these issues. What is obvious is that much of the issues pertaining to Muslim minorities find solution in the liberal-humanistic set up they have opted for, rather than any intellectual initiative from the Muslim minority itself.

What however remains to be debated are terms like 'zimmi' and the status of non-Muslims in the Islamic states. Of course, no Muslim state today levies Jizya on its non-Muslim citizens. Jizya may be passé today, but not the mindset that treats non-Muslims as unequal citizens. Some intellectual circles within Islam do lend credibility to terms interpreting it as a compensation for exemption from military service. They rarely realise that keeping away minorities from military draft is more of a discriminatory treatment and denial of equal opportunity than a privilege as it deemed to be in medieval period where zimmihood had some validity.

Perhaps, the question of apostasy too needs to be debated on the same lines. Religion being a matter of personal conviction need not evoke state intervention today. Given the choice, no Muslim is ever willing to give up his faith. But laws to this effect on statute book do smudge the human rights copybook of the Muslim nations today. It is where Muslim nation-states need to have a relook at themselves and respond to the urges of reciprocity. Human rights is not a one-way street, one has to be willing to offer what he cherishes for himself from others.

Some of these questions are certainly more intense and urgent for Muslims in the West, but ultimately the whole Muslim world has to respond to them. Indignation over Swiss ban would appear more justified when Muslims would critically look at the pathetic plight of the non-Muslims in their own lands and gather courage to not only condemn it but also urge a fair deal.

Monday, December 21, 2009

An open letter and appeal from a tribal advocate

Alban Toppo was my batchmate at the Hidayatullah National Law University. Instead of opting for a secure and well paying corporate job, he instead chose to work among his people, and secure justice for the tribal communities of Chhattisgarh. This state has been witnessing a kind of fratricidal civil war, stoked by vested interests and sustained by the state police and a state sponsored vigilante group Salwa Judum. However, the point is not that but the unthinking brutality of the Chhattisgarh State Police in putting down even human right advocates, perceiving them to be state enemies. On a visit to Chhatisgarh, Alban was detained and beaten up illegally. I have reproduced herein the statement of Alban Toppo. I hope it will make right thinking people to raise their voice against police atrocities and ensure that justice is done.

I am a fresh lawyer coming from a tribal family of Jashpur, Chhattishgarh. I finished my law graduation in 2008, got enrolled with the Chhattisgarh Bar Council and started working for the poor and underprivileged for which I had a commitment since my college days.

I started learning basics of human rights litigation at the Delhi [ Images ] office of Human Rights Law Network and very recently came to Chhattisgarh to do research for the Right to food case, which is going on at the honorable Supreme Court of India [ Images ]. For this, I went to Dantewada, and met Mr. Himanshu Kumar, director of Vanvasi Chetna Ashram, who has done some study on this issue and to gather information and take his advice and guidance. I was also providing some legal assistance to him during my stay in Dantewada.

On December 10, 2009, at about 2.30 pm, the Thana In-charge (TI) of Bhairamgarh police station, Mr. K S Nand, came in a civil uniform to the Vanvasi Chetna Ashram at Katiyarraas accompanied by more than 25 SPOs (special police officers) in five cars.

Director of VCA Shri Himanshu Kumar and few other volunteers of the VCA were present. I was also present there. The TI spoke to Himanshu Kumar about taking Kopa Kunjam, son of Lacchu Kunjam, a resident of village Alnaar, Block Geedam, P.S. Dantewada, who is a volunteer of the VCA, stating that they needed him for some interrogation by the superintendent of police.

He said, "SP sahab ne bulaya hai, kuch puch tach karni hai." (The SP has called you for interrogation)

No notice was served for this. However on being asked by Himanshu Kumar to give some written notice about it, the TI of Bhairamgarh immediately wrote on a piece of paper, "Prati, Kopa Kunjam! Apse thana Dantewada me kuch poonch thanch karna chahta hoon. Kripya ap mere sath sadar PS kotwali chalein." (I want to interrogate you at Dantewada police station. Please come with me to P.S. Kotwali).

Being an advocate present at the spot, I considered it to be my duty to accompany VCA volunteer Kopa Kunjam to Dantewada police station.

With the consent of Himanshu Kumar, I went along with Kopa Kunjam.

At the Dantewada police station, we were asked to sit down. After making both of us wait for about half an hour, we were asked to come and sit in a vehicle. Thinking that we were being taken to the SP office, we sat in the vehicle.

As vehicle proceeded, I introduced myself to the IT of Bhairamgadh saying that I am an advocate, having done my law course from Hidayatullah National Law University, Raipur, and am associated with the Human Rights Law Network.

When the vehicle crossed Dantewada, we became suspicious and asked as to where we were being taken now, to which the TI replied, "Kopa Kunjam is now being taken to Beejapur District."

Kopa Kunjam refused to go further, as he was not informed about being taken to Beejapur earlier.

I also objected to it, stating that the police should follow necessary procedures under the law and should act as per guidelines of the Supreme Court and that they cannot take Mr. Kopa to Beejapur without giving any notice in this regard.

By this time Kopa Kunjam came out from the Bolero vehicle and I also got out of the vehicle.

The TI along with two others got hold of Mr Kopa, and with the help of around 15 SPOs bundled Mr Kopa into another vehicle, which had been coming along.

When I again resisted to such behavior saying that it was illegal, two SPOs started abusing and slapping me and bundled me too inside the car.

Before being taken into car, I somehow managed inform my senior lawyer, colleagues and friends in Delhi about this incident.

Noticing this, two SPOs started slapping and beating me and tried to snatch my mobile, but I didn't give it. But after this they forced me inside the car and did not allow me use the mobile phone.

At about 5 pm, we reached Bhairamgarh police station. The IT of Bhairamgadh asked me to give my mobile phone and asked me to switch it off. We were asked to sit inside the police station with two SPOs keeping an eye on us.

At about 8 pm, we were taken for dinner in a nearby hotel, from where we came back in 15-20 minutes.

At about 8.45 pm, the officials of Bhairamgarh police station called me inside a room and asked why I decided to accompany Mr. Kopa. About three minutes later, the TI started addressing me in an extremely rude and disrespectful manner and it soon became violent and abusive. He started abusing me with an offensive language, which was followed by beatings with a thick bamboo stick and with a hard rubber cane, continuous slapping while pulling my hair and kicking severely.

After sometime, he went out and started beating Kopa Kunjam. Kopa was brought into the same room and both of us were beaten severely for 30 minutes by the TI Nand and an assistant constable Banjara, while some 15 other police staff and SPOs surrounded both of us.

TI Nand also said, "No advocate in Bastar dares to speak in my presence and you talk a lot. Now show me how much you can talk! Show me how much law you know?"

Later I was taken to a separate room and was questioned about the purpose of my stay in Dantewada and association with VCA.

At around 10 pm, I heard someone saying, "Sala bada aadmi hai, Delhi se sahab ka phone aya hai."

Soon after this I was asked to write on a paper that I was brought to Bhairamgadh and as it was late in the evening and there was no mode of transport, and since the area is a very sensitive and unsafe, I decided to spend the night at Bhairamgarh station, where I was safe.

At Bhairamgadh police station, they said Himanshu was a Naxalite and whoever was working with Himanshu was a Naxalite and whoever stayed with Himanshu was a Naxal supporter.

Kopa was very badly beaten and had suffered serious injuries on his chest, back and leg, due to which he was even unable to walk and sleep properly.

I got injuries on the elbow of right hand, biceps and back, causing severe pain and swelling. I was not able to move my hands and back due to severe pain. I spent the whole night shivering and in pain, speculating what next was to happen.

On December 11, 2009, at 9.30 am, I was sent to Dantewada police station accompanied by four SPOs in a vehicle and one head constable of Bhairamgarh police station, while Kopa was kept detained.

When they reached Dantewada police station, two volunteers of the VCA were called and I was handed over to them.

After being released next day, I went to Ambedkar Hospital, Raipur, to get a medical examination done. However, I was asked make a compliant before the police after which the police would come and then MLC (medico legal case) would be conducted in the presence of the police.

I thought of going back to Dantewada to lodge the first information report, but because I was scared of being implicated in any false case this time, I did not go there.

However, being very much concerned that even lawyers were not allowed to function freely and being beaten up like this, I had no other option except to write this open letter-cum-appeal addressed to everybody so that the issue could be taken up by the society itself.

I have been subjected this kind of brutality for working for the poor and powerless.

It is against law, against democracy and even against morality to do this to an advocate.

If such kind of treatment is given to young lawyers who want to work towards a better society, the younger generation will loose hope.

Kindly take appropriate step against those who abused the power vested with them to beat and insult me in this gruesome manner and help restore the faith of young people in democracy and in rule of law.

Yours sincerely

Alban Toppo

Advocate

Thursday, December 10, 2009

Smaller States: Means of Securing and Bona Fides of Proponents

Now that the Union Government has acceded to the demand for a separate Telangana, raising a Pandora's box, it is interesting t0 note the reactions of opposers of Telangana, comprising mainly of those from Coastal Andhra and Rayalaseema. While I was going through an article of Rajinder Puri, arguing for more smaller states, I came across this comment, which I decided to reproduce in full... [By Narayan Sthanam, Birmingham, UK]

"What is the big deal, I say let us divide AP into three parts, Andhra, Telangana and Royalaseema, then Telugus will have three CMs and those three can divide the loot equally between them! That is what socialism is all about, right? See that Koda guy from Jharkhand, he kept everything for himself! No socialism there.

Why stop there, divide costal Andhra region into two parts North Andhra and SouthAndhra. However, I am sure the Telangana parts around Hyd are more prosperous than the interior villages. So, soon there will be agitations and bandhs demanding separate state for them, because once KCR becomes CM, he will stay and enjoy in Hyd only, who bothers about those backward interior regions. Same will happen with Rayalaseema too, because there are enough politicians who want to become CM (aka Jagan), poor guys they need money more than you and me.

You know where it is going, I am from Guntur district and I do not like the guys from Krishna district, they always think they are too smart and politicians from my region are not getting their proper share of loot. We cannot stand that any more. Similarly, Karimnagar district politicians do not want to share with Adilabad guys. Even now west Godavari district wants to move away from the east Godavari. You know, those West Godavari buggers feel culturally too superior to East Godavari guys always, hence east guys do not want to have anything with the west guys and their cultural superiority and funny language. As I said earlier, we have plenty of KCRs and enough idiotic youth with brains in their kneecaps to follow. So, no problem, we can and will have many pieces of AP to go around. TeluguThalli, ThalanganaThalli, KhammamThalli, GunturThalli etc., we will have plenty of ‘Thallis’ to go around. ‘Thallis' are for correcting our words and accents, and also to wash our mouths whenever we use bad words against others. That is what mothers are for, right? Only cry for us, but can not make us see consequences. We are too grownups to be slapped into senses.

As I said, these divisions will happen, if not today sometime soon, so I feel why go through all this pain and suffering repeatedly? We have plenty of KCRs and Potti Sreeramulus and many other fat guys who need to go on fasting for one reason or other. I say we have to blame Gandhiji for all this mess. Anyway, why suffer later; I say we should act quickly before all those fat guys fast.
Intelligent thing to do now is to divide Andhra on the lines of pre-British era, where every town is a kingdom and every king (aka CM) can have as many wives as he want. There, that is a perfect solution for the present problem, so each King will have his own beaurocracy along with few brave soldiers. If the neighbor king has a good looking wife or beautiful daughters or cows that give more milk, we will send army to grab them. How dare, one king has all these, without sharing with less fortunate kingdoms?

Who cares what is happening in the outside world, whether 90% of Chinese will have minimum healthcare or 100% of their children have computers to surf the net and read about latest scientific advances like man landing on Mars and finding water on Moon. I say who cares; our ancient Rishis have told us about these things thousands of years back in whatever-thatVeda you know! If you say, when 80% of the Indian population has no private toilets to use, and who cares about computers? I agree with you. But then, our Maoist brothers will say, why should few have toilets when 80% do not have, so let us blow up the ones we have, so 100% people will not have? That is a good socialism. I will agree with you whole heartedly about this blowing up scheme, lest I may be accused as a capitalistic pig who does not want share with every other poor family. Yes, I am willing to share my toilet with everyone, please tell then not to blow me up.

You may ask what happens to our Naxalite Annalu, if AP is divided into 245 Kingdoms that will have 245 CMs and 490 deputy CMs. Do not worry; we will still have democracy for namesake just like now! They all can become deputy CMs in charge of public/private property looting and destruction of the neighboring kingdoms. I can assure you, I have not met single communist in India that will not fall for this scheme. Everyone wants to be prosperous ‘more than next guy’ you know, if I do not have it, next guys should not have it.

If you all agree for this division formula to save money and time, and agree to divide our state into small pieces, I will go back and dust up my 'Vamsa Vriksham'. My father used to say that our ancestors were ruling northern part of present Bapatla town and I am eager to lay down my claims to that throne. I need to do that fast, because if I remember, my next door neighbors son also used to boast about his ancestors, how they used to control the water rights to prevent every Tom, Dick and Harry taking free water from the city lake. My neighbor used to leave drainage water from his bathroom into our front yard and we were always afraid to argue with him. That is a different story, and I do not want to burden you with discussions of ‘water-flowing’ rights here, because we will have plenty of those in divided Teluguland for sure, and you may get discouraged about my plans with that discussion.

So I pray Soniaji to decide and declare quickly the division of AP, because I am afraid I will have a fight with my next door neighbor and I want to win that at any cost. After all I am the CM of Northern part of Bapatla town in Guntur District of Central Andhra part of present Anhdra Pradesh and I should be able to make free ‘sara’ from palm trees around my house and drink free water from lake as much as I want. I hope of no step-motherly treatment from ‘Amma’ of Delhi when I approach her for my water-flowing rights later though. She needs to give permission for everything and anything to happen in India(s), you see.

Come on guys let us move our butts and burn more buses, trains, hospitals, schools, chemistry labs (I hated them always and I failed chemistry too many times), shops, cars of our neighbors, etc. etc. Few innocent people will die, so be it, for the greater cause of ‘my future kingdom’ you all can sacrifice that much. If you do not get involved, I may have to call my KCR anna to use some ‘Telangana Telugu from his heart’ against you guys. Let us go, let us go, I see a new Volvo public bus coming from Chirala, full of my next town people. Where is that match and petrol can, when I needed it? Jai Telangana, Jai Guntur, Jai Bapatla et. etc.
"

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Thanks to Narayan Sthanam and Outlook